Error Message “Windows failed to load because a required file is missing or corrupt” (msrpc.sys) or “NLS is missing” when Booting Windows

Problem:

Upon booting Windows Vista or Windows 7/8.x/10 you receive one of the following error messages:

Windows failed to load because a required file is missing or corrupt

Where the file msrpc.sys is listed.

Or:

NLS is missing

Cause:

These errors can have multiple causes, but one potential cause when an IDE drive is used is that the drive is a master drive, but is not connected to the end of the IDE cable.  Another potential cause is that the drive jumpers are misconfigured.

Solution:

Reorient the drive to the end of the cable, if needed, and/or correct the jumper configuration.